Endocarditis

Endocarditis is an infection that affects the endocardium, the inner layer of the heart, usually caused by bacteria or, more rarely, by fungi. This pathology occurs when microorganisms enter the bloodstream and lodge in the heart valves or other areas of the heart. Endocarditis is a rare condition, but when not properly treated, it can lead to severe complications such as heart failure, stroke, or even death.

The symptoms of endocarditis can vary, appearing gradually or abruptly, depending on the infectious agent and the patient's cardiac condition. The most common signs include fever, night sweats, fatigue, joint pain, shortness of breath, paleness, persistent cough, and red spots on the skin. If left untreated, it can result in lesions and infections in other organs, further impairing the patient's health.

The diagnosis of endocarditis is made based on clinical evaluation and complementary tests, such as blood tests, echocardiography, and chest X-rays. Treatment is based on the use of antibiotics administered intravenously, typically for a duration of 4 to 6 weeks. In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.